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Text File  |  1996-11-22  |  5KB  |  100 lines
  1.  
  2.                         PARTICLE CLASSIFICATION
  3.  
  4.  
  5. ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
  6.          Particle                    Anti-     Rest mass Lifetime
  7. Category name              Symbol    particle  (MeV/c^2)   (s)
  8. -------- ----------------- --------- --------- --------- --------
  9. Photon   Photon            gamma     --           0      stable
  10.  
  11. Leptons  Electron          e-        e+           0.511  stable
  12.          Electron neutrino nu|e      _nu|e        0 *    stable
  13.          Muon              mu-       mu+        105.7    2.20e-6
  14.          Muon neutrino     nu|mu     _nu|mu       0 *    stable
  15.          Tau               tau-      tau+      1784      < 4e-13
  16.          Tau neutrino      nu|tau    _nu|tau      0 *    stable
  17.  
  18. Hadrons:
  19. Mesons   Pion              pi+       pi-        139.6    2.60e-8
  20.                            pi0       --         135.0    0.83e-16
  21.          Kaon              K+        K-         493.7    1.24e-8
  22.                            K0|S      _K0|S      497.7    0.89e-10
  23.                            K0|L      _K0|L      497.7    5.2e-8
  24.          Eta               eta0      --         548.8    < 1e-18
  25.          D                 D+        D-        1869      9e-13
  26.                            D0        _D0       1865      5e-13
  27.          F                 F+        F-        2021      ~ 2e-13
  28.          J/psi             J/psi     --        3097      ~ 1e-20
  29.          Psi'              psi'      --        3686      ~ 3e-20
  30.          Upsilon           upsilon   --        9460      ~ 1e-20
  31.          B                 B+        B-        5271      ~ 1e-13
  32.                            B0        _B0       5274      ~ 1e-13
  33.  
  34. Baryons  Proton            p         _p         938.3    stable **
  35.          Neutron           n         _n         939.6    920
  36.          Lambda            lambda0   _lambda0  1115.6    2.6e-10
  37.          Sigma             sigma+    _sigma-   1189.4    0.80e-10
  38.                            sigma0    _sigma0   1192.5    6e-20
  39.                            sigma-    _sigma+   1197.3    1.5e-10
  40.          Xi                xi0       _xi0      1315      2.9e-10
  41.                            xi-       xi+       1321      1.64e-10
  42.          Omega             omega-    omega+    1672      0.82e-10
  43.          Lambda|C          lambda+|C lambda-|C 2280      1e-13
  44.  
  45.  
  46. FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES
  47. Class   Name              Symbol Charge Mass (MeV/c^2) Discovered
  48. ------- ----------------- ------ ------ -------------- ----------
  49. Quarks  Up                u      2/3      ~ 100        1963
  50.         Down              d      -1/3     ~ 100        1963
  51.         Charm             c      2/3     ~ 4000        1974
  52.         Strange           s      -1/3     ~ 500        1964
  53.         Top               t      2/3     3-5000 ?      ***
  54.         Bottom            b      -1/3    ~ 5000        1977
  55.  
  56. Leptons Electron neutrino nu|e   0            0 *      1955
  57.         Electron          e      -1           0.511    1898
  58.         Muon neutrino     nu|mu  0            0 *      1962
  59.         Muon              mu     -1         106        1936
  60.         Tau neutrino      nu|tau 0            0 *      ***
  61.         Tau lepton        tau    -1        1784        1975
  62.  
  63. Field   Photon            gamma  0            0        1905
  64. quanta  (electromagnetic)
  65.         Intermediate      W+/-   0       80 800        1983
  66.         vector bosons     Z0     0       92 600        1984
  67.         (weak)
  68.         Gluon (strong)    --     0            ?        ***
  69.         Graviton          --     0            0        ***
  70.         (gravity)
  71.  
  72.  
  73. *       Physicists have not decisively shown whether or not neutrinos 
  74.         have mass.
  75.  
  76. **      Grand unified theories predict that protons are unstable and 
  77.         decay; but experiments have shown that, should this be true, 
  78.         the decay rate can be no shorter than 2e32 yr.
  79.  
  80. ***     No discovery date; the named particle has been theorized, but 
  81.         has not yet been experimentally found.
  82.  
  83. NOTES:  On particle symbology:  A letter (or Greek letter name) is the 
  84.         name of the particle; a +, -, or 0 after the particle 
  85.         indicates a superscripted charge; a | followed by a letter 
  86.         indicates a subscript; and a _ before indicates a bar on top 
  87.         of the particle.  For instance, e- indicates an electron, or
  88.  
  89.                                        -
  90.                                       e
  91.  
  92.         while _K0|S indicates
  93.                                       __
  94.                                        0
  95.                                       K
  96.                                        S
  97.  
  98.  
  99.                                  -)(-
  100.